2011年职称英语考试真题及答案(综合类B级)阅读理解

时间：2012-03-07  来源：中华财考网  编辑：  打印

第4部分：阅读理解（第31~ 45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇Three Ways to Become More Creative

Most people believe they don't have has imagination. They are wrong. Everyone has imagination, but most of us，once we became adults, forget how to access it. Creativity isn't always connected with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time routinely think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve，a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you.

This technique involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to find links between them. First，think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image，word，idea or object，for example，a candle. Write down all the ideas/words associated with candles：light，fire，matches, wax，night，silence，etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original present；you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the night.

Imagine that normal limitations don't exist. You have as much time/space/money，etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If，for example，your goal is to learn to ski（滑雪），you can now practice skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now adapt this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December，or every Monday in January.

Look at the situation from a different point of view. Good negotiators (谈判者) use this technique in business，and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the characters in their books. They ask questions：what does this character want? Why can't she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? What does she dream about? If your goal involves other people，put yourself "in their shoes". The best fishermen think like fish!

31. According to the passage, when we become adults，___________.

A. most of us are no longer creative

B. we are not as imaginative as children

C. we can still learn to be more creative

D. we are unwilling to be creative

[正确答案]：31 C 本题的答题依据是文章开头的这句话: Everyone has imagination ，but most of us，once we become adults，forget how to access it.人人都有想象力，只是成年后，我们就忘了如何取得想象力 ( access it) 。文章的目的就是教给成年人几种获得想象力的技巧，所以说成年人还是可以学会怎么样更加富有创意的。

32. According to the first technique，if you need to solve a problem，___________.

A. you should link it with candles

B. you could find an image and try to link it with the problem.

C. you have to think of buying a present for a friend

D. you should link it with as many words as possible

[正确答案]：32 B 从第二段的这两句话：First，think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image，word，idea or object，for example，a candle. 可以找到答案。蜡烛只是一个例子。

33. The second technique suggests that you just imagine ___________.

A. you have every resource to achieve your goal

B. setting a goal is as simple as skiing

C. new possibilities will soon appear

D. December and January are the best months for skiing

[正确答案]：33 A 第三段的第一句话: Imagine that normal limitations don’t exist. You have as much time/ space/money, etc. as you want.是本题的答题依据。

34. The phrase "put yourself 'in their shoes'" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to___________.

A. dress yourself like them

B. think as they would

C. do as they ask you to

D. put on their shoes

[正确答案]：34 B put yourself in their shoes 是英语的一个成语，相当于汉语的"设身处地”.

35. We learn from the third technique that a good salesman should ask himself ___________?

A. what do I usually do

B. what did my boss tell me to do

C. what are my customers' needs

D. how should I sell my products

[正确答案]：35 C 第三种技巧就是:Look at the situation from a different point of view. 作者以谈判者和小说家为例，说明推销员如要应用这一技巧就应该把自己置于顾客的位置上，问一问他们的需要是什么。

第二篇 Excessive Demands on Young People

Being able to multitask is-hailed by most people as a welcome skill, but not according to a recent study which claims that young people between the ages of eight and eighteen of the so-called Generation M are spending a considerable amount of their time in fruitless efforts as they multitask. It argues that, in fact, these young people are frittering（浪费） away as much as half of their time as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after the other.

Some young people are using an ever larger number of electronic devices as they study. At the same time they are working, young adults are also surfing on the Internet, or sending out emails to their friends, and/or answering the telephone and listening to music on their iPods or on another computer. As some new device comes along, it is also added to the list rather than replacing one of the existing devices. Other research has indicated that this multitasking is even affecting the way families themselves function as young people are too wrapped up in(沉湎于) their own isolated worlds to interact with the other people around them. They can no longer greet family members when they enter the house nor can they eat at the family table.

All this electronic wizardry(魔力) is supposedly also seriously affecting young people's performance at universit3t and in the workplace. When asked about their opinions of the impact of modern gadgets (小装置) on their performance of tasks, the great majority of young people gave a favorable response.

The response from the academic and business worlds was not quite as positive. The former feel that multitasking with electronic gadgets by children affects later development of study skills, resulting in a decline in the quality of writing, for example, because of the lack of concentration on task completion. They feel that many undergraduates now urgently need remedial (补救的) help with study skills. Similarly, employers feel that young people entering the workforce need to be taught all over again, as they have become deskilled.

While all this may be true, it must be borne in mind that more and more is expected of young people nowadays; in fact, too much. Praise rather than criticism is due in respect of the way today's youth are able to cope despite what the older generation throw at them.

36. What is probably true about the multitasking Generation M?

A. They waste more time than they should spend.

B. They feel they are more efficient than others.

C. They put more energy on important tasks.

D. They need to improve their analytical skills.

[正确答案]：36 A 文章的第一段把这一点讲得十分明确: ...the so-called Generation M are spending a considerable amount of their time in fruitless efforts as they multitask. It argues that， in fact，these young people are frittering away as much as half of their time as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after the other.

37. With the introduction of new gadgets, what happens to the Generation M's present e-devices?

A. They become part of their collection.

B. They give way to the latest.

C. They are quickly put aside.

D. They are sold to their friends.

[正确答案]：37 A 第二段的最后一句话: As some new device comes along, it is also added to the list rather than replacing one of the existing devices. 回答了这个问题。只要有新的玩意儿出现，它就会被增加到现有的玩意儿上去，而不是替代原有的东西。注意四个选项里的they 指的是 e-devices 而不是属于Generation M 这一代的年轻人。

38. Multitasking makes the Generation M ___________.

A. feel lonely add pitiful

B. selfish and aggressive

C. silent and sad

D. distant to their family

[正确答案]：38 D 根据文章的内容应选 D。 distant to their family 意为 "和自己的家人疏远"。具体可见第三段。

39. The academics feel that many undergraduates badly need to___________.

A. adjust their social attitudes.

B. seek psychological assistance.

C. take more business courses.

D. improve their study skills.

[正确答案]：39 D 答题的依据是第五段里的这句话: They feel that many undergraduates now urgently need remedia1 help with study skills. 可见在大学教师看来许多本科生急需补上学习技能这一课。

40. What attitude should the older generation adopt towards the multitasking youth?

A. Supportive.

B. Critical.

C. Thankful.

D. Negative.

[正确答案]：40 A 这道题的答题依据是文章的最后一段，作者认为尽管上面所说的都没错，但是 (注意 while 这个连接词的转折意义)我们要记住现今对年轻人的期望越来越高。不管老一辈怎么说他们(注意 despite这个介词表示的让步意义)，对他们 (年轻人) 还是应该给予表扬而不是批评(Praise rather than criticism is due) 。To be due 应该得到。

第三篇 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking?

Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication-having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.

The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.

On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning (扫描) equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor didn't agree.

What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.

As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often

41. People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that

A they're popular

B they're useful

C they're convenient

D they're cheap

[正确答案]：41 D 第一段里讲到了人们拥有手机的几种理由，其中不包括手机便宜 (cheap ) 这一条。

42. The world "detected" in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by

A cured

B removed

C discovered

D caused

[正确答案]：42 C detect 意为"觉察、发现"，故可用 discover 来代替。

43. The salesman retired young because

A he couldn't remember simple tasks

B he disliked using mobile phones

C he was tired of talking on his mobile phone

D his employer's doctor persuaded him to

[正确答案]：43 A 第三段里把这名推销员年纪轻轻就要退休的原因讲得十分明白: ...a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks.

44. On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies

A hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about

B deny the existence of mobile phone radiation

C develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation

D try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health

[正确答案]：44 A 请见第四段里的这句话:Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation，but they say the amount is too small to worry about.它们并不否认手机有辐射，只是辐射量很小无需担心。

45. The writer's purpose of writing this article is to advise people

A to buy mobile phones

B to use mobile phones less often

C to update regular phones

D to stop using mobile phones

[正确答案]：45 B 作者建议大家少用手机，这一点在最后一段里可以清楚地看到。